Sarod recital by ali akbar khan biography

Hindustani musician (1922–2009)

For other uses, see Ali Akbar Khan (disambiguation).

Musical artist

Ali Akbar Khan (14 April 1922 – 18 June 2009) was an Indian Hindustani well-proportioned attic musician of the Maihar gharana, put for his virtuosity in playing say publicly sarod. Trained as a classical bard and instrumentalist by his father, Allauddin Khan, he also composed numerous chaste ragas and film scores.^[1] He ingrained a music school in Calcutta hem in 1956, and the Ali Akbar Faculty of Music in 1967, which secretive with him to the United States and is now based in San Rafael,^{[citation needed]} California, with a pinion arm in Basel, Switzerland.

Khan was supporting in popularizing Indian classical music dull the West, both as a theatrical and as a teacher. He culminating came to America in 1955 discipline the invitation of violinist Yehudi Violinist and later settled in California.^[2] Noteworthy was a adjunct professor of opus at the University of California, Santa Cruz.^[3]

Khan was accorded India's second paramount civilian honour, the Padma Vibhushan, fuse 1989.^[4] Nominated five times for rank Grammy Award, Khan was also ingenious recipient of the MacArthur Fellowship spreadsheet the National Endowment for the Arts' National Heritage Fellowship.

Childhood and training

Ali Akbar Khan was born in primacy village of Shibpur, Brahmanbaria, in current Bangladesh, to musician and teacher, Allauddin Khan and Madina Begum.^[5] Soon afterward his birth, Khan's family returned sentinel Maihar (in present-day Madhya Pradesh, India) where his father was the important court musician for the Maharaja insinuate the princely state.^[6]

From an early part Khan received training from his cleric in various instruments as well rightfully vocal composition, but finally gravitated regard the sarod. Allauddin was a precisian and a strict taskmaster, and Khan's lessons started before dawn and habitually lasted 18 hours a day.^[7] Caravanserai also learned to play the tabla and the pakhavaj from his essayist, Aftabuddin Khan, who he visited deed Shibpur.^[8] During this period he fall down several prominent musicians, such as honesty sarodist Timir Baran and flautist Pannalal Ghosh, who came to study and his father; in later years appease was joined in his lessons tough his sister Annapurna Devi, who became an accomplished player of the surbahar, and fellow student Ravi Shankar. Shankar and Annapurna Devi were married slash 1941.^[6]

Of his training on the sarod, he wrote:

If you practice signify ten years, you may begin scolding please yourself, after 20 years sell something to someone may become a performer and overturn the audience, after 30 years cheer up may please even your guru, on the other hand you must practice for many writer years before you finally become capital true artist—then you may please uniform God.^[9]

Career

Khan, after years of rigorous faithfulness, gave his debut performance at a-okay music conference in Allahabad in 1936, at the age of 13. Troika years later, in December 1939, agreed accompanied Ravi Shankar on the sarod during the latter's debut performance imprecision the same conference; this was significance first of many jugalbandis (duets) among the two musicians. In 1938 Caravanserai gave his first recital on Dividing up India Radio (AIR), Bombay (accompanied complex the tabla by Alla Rakha), view starting in January 1940, he gave monthly performances on AIR, Lucknow. In the end in 1944, both Shankar and Caravansary left Maihar to start their varnished careers as musicians; Shankar went interrupt Bombay, while Khan became the youngest music director for AIR, Lucknow, paramount was responsible for solo performances stream composing for the radio orchestra.^[7]

In 1943, on his father's recommendation, Khan was appointed a court musician for picture Maharaja of Jodhpur, Umaid Singh.^[10] Nearly, he taught and composed music further giving recitals and was accorded authority title of Ustad by the Prince. When the princely states were group of buildings down with India's independence in 1947 and Maharaja Hanwant Singh died slice a plane crash in 1952, Caravansary moved to Bombay.^[7]

In Bombay, he won acclaim as a composer of not too film scores, including Chetan Anand's Aandhiyan (1952). Lata Mangeshkar sang the label song, "Har Kahin Pe Shaadmani" take as a token of her go along with to sarod maestro, did not recriminate any fee.^[11] This was followed mass Satyajit Ray's Devi (1960), Merchant-Ivory's The Householder, and Tapan Sinha's Khudito Pashan ("Hungry Stones", 1960), for which yes won the "Best Musician of high-mindedness Year" award. He also played sarod for a song in 1955 integument Seema which had the music beside by Shankar Jaikishan. Later in 1993, he would score some of dignity music for Bernardo Bertolucci's Little Buddha.^[12]

Beginning in 1945, Khan also started transcription a series of 78 rpm disks (which could record about three notes of music) at the HMV Studios in Bombay. For one such classify he conceived a new composition Raga Chandranandan ("moonstruck"), based on four half-light ragas, Malkauns, Chandrakauns, Nandakauns and Kaushi Kanada. This record was a colossal success in India, and the raga found a worldwide audience, when marvellous 22-minute rendition was re-recorded for description Master Musician of IndiaLP in 1965 − one of Khan's seminal recordings.^[13]

He performed in India and traveled mainly in the West. In 1956, Caravansary founded the Ali Akbar College arrive at Music in Calcutta, with the estimate to teach and spread Indian well-proportioned attic music. He founded another school bequest the same name in Berkeley, Calif. in 1967 and later moved well-found to San Rafael, California.^{[10][better source needed]} Khan faultless in Boston with Shankar Ghosh focal 1969 for the Peabody Mason Agreement series. In 1985 he founded alternative branch of the Ali Akbar Academy of Music in Basel, Switzerland. Caravansary was the first Indian musician come together record an LP album of Amerindian classical music in the United States and to play sarod on Inhabitant television.^[14]

Khan has participated in a figure of classic jugalbandi pairings, most markedly with Ravi Shankar, Nikhil Banerjee swallow violinist L. Subramaniam. A few recordings of duets with Vilayat Khan as well exist. He also collaborated with Prevarication musicians; he taught Grateful Dead drummers Mickey Hart^[15] and, by extension, Cost Kreutzmann. In August 1971, Khan superlative at Madison Square Garden for greatness Concert for Bangladesh, along with Ravi Shankar, Alla Rakha and Kamala Chakravarty; other musicians at the concert makebelieve George Harrison, Bob Dylan, Eric Clapton and Ringo Starr. A live stamp album and a movie of the exhibition were later released.^[1][10]

Personal life

Khan was wed three times and had at small 11 children, including sarod players Aashish Khan, Alam Khan, and Manik Khan.^[16][17]

Khan was based in the United States for the last four decades director his life. He toured extensively unfinished he was prevented from doing middling by ill health. He had antediluvian a dialysis patient since 2004. Do something died from kidney failure at consummate home in San Anselmo, California persevere with 18 June 2009, at age 87.^[18]

Awards

Khan was awarded the Padma Bhushan pledge 1967^[19] and the Padma Vibhushan monitor 1989,^[20] among other awards. He commonplace a MacArthur Fellowship in 1991,^[10] honesty first Indian musician to receive nobility so-called "genius grant".^[18] In 1997, Caravansary received the National Endowment for grandeur Arts' prestigious National Heritage Fellowship, high-mindedness United States' highest honour in significance traditional arts.^[21] Khan received five Grammy nominations over the course of rule life.^[18] In September 2014, a car stamp featuring Khan was released moisten India Post commemorating his contributions.^[22]

Selected discography

Solo albums:

• Sound of the Sarod: Verifiable in Concert (World Pacific) (recorded worry LA, c1962)
• The Classical Music of India (Prestige, 1964)
• Bear's Sonic Journals: That Which Colors the Mind (Owsley Stanley Basement, 2020)^[23][24]

With Ravi Shankar:

• The Master Musicians of India (Prestige, 1964)

With John Handy:

References

Cited sources

• Lavezzoli, Peter (2006). The dawn of Asiatic music in the West: Bhairavi. London: Continuum. ISBN .

External links