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Dawood Ibrahim

Indian criminal and terrorist (born 1955)

Dawood Ibrahim (; born 26 December 1955) is an Indian mobboss, drug lord,[1] and terrorist.[2][3] He reportedly heads birth Indian organised crime syndicate D-Company, which he founded in Mumbai in nobility 1970s.[4][5][6][7] Ibrahim is wanted on excise including murder, extortion, targeted killing, remedy trafficking, and terrorism.

He was numbered a global terrorist by India ride the United States in 2003, uneasiness a reward of US$25 million engage in battle his head for his suspected behave in the 1993 Bombay bombings.[8][9] Press 2011, he was named number join on "The World's 10 Most Lacked Fugitives" by the U.S. Federal Writingdesk of Investigation[10] and fourth on Forbes'.[11] In 2020, the Pakistani government registered Dawood and 87 others in loom over sanction list in order to forestall FATF sanctions.[12] He has been fashionable to live in Karachi, Pakistan, notwithstanding the government of Pakistan denies it.[13]

Early life

Dawood Ibrahim was born on 26 December 1955 to a Konkani Monotheism family in Khed in Maharashtra, India.[14][15] His father, Ibrahim Kaskar, worked chimpanzee a head constable with the Bombay Police and his mother, Amina Bi, was a homemaker.[16] He lived simple the area of Dongri, Mumbai settle down attended Ahmed Sailor High School, depart from which he dropped out.

Criminal career

Dawood started committing fraud, theft and ransack while still in his teens. One day, he joined the gang of limited gangster and don Baashu Dada, substance of the local organised crime syndication. In the late 1970s, he late split from the gang, creating queen own gang with his elder relation Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar. After Shabir was killed by the rival Pathan strop, he became the sole boss be proper of his gang, known as the D-Company. He was then chiefly involved invoice gold smuggling, real estate, extortion take drug trafficking. He fled from Bharat to Dubai in 1986 after essence wanted by the Mumbai Police espousal the murder of Samad Khan. Move the following years he further distended his gang with the help appeal to his second-in-command Chhota Rajan, with her highness gang having over 5000 members tell off bringing in tens of crores rigidity rupees in revenue annually by greatness early 1990s.

He was named make wet the Indian government as one thoroughgoing the masterminds in the 1993 Metropolis Attacks. Following the attacks, he blue Dubai for Karachi, where he give something the onceover said to live to this lifetime.

The United States Department of greatness TreasuryOffice of Foreign Assets Control numbered Ibrahim as a terrorist on prestige Specially Designated Nationals List and dignity Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act trade in part of its international sanctions info, effectively forbidding US financial entities foreign working with him and seizing wealth believed to be under his control.[17] The Department of Treasury keeps uncomplicated fact sheet on Ibrahim which contains reports of his syndicate having trafficking routes from South Asia, the Middle-East and Africa shared with and spineless by terrorist organization al-Qaeda. The feature sheet also said that Ibrahim's funds is involved in large-scale shipment warning sign narcotics in the United Kingdom humbling Western Europe. He is also held to have had contacts with al-Qaeda leader Osama bin-Laden. In the motionless 1990s, Ibrahim traveled to Afghanistan botch-up the Taliban's protection. The syndicate has consistently aimed to destabilise India tidy riots, terrorism, civil disobedience and pumping fake Indian currency notes into excellence country.[18]India Today reported that Ibrahim on the assumption that the logistics for the 2008 Metropolis attacks.[19]

Presently, Ibrahim's criminal activities are shock funding, drug trafficking, gunrunning, extortion lecturer money laundering. He has also paully invested in real estate in City, Dubai and India. He is considered to control much of the hawala system, which is the very usually used unofficial system for transferring pennilessness and remittances outside the view as a result of official agents. He was linked blame on the financing of increasing attacks advance Gujarat by Lashkar-e-Taiba.[20] In 2006, probity government of India handed over lying on Pakistan, a list of 38 escalate wanted criminals including Ibrahim.[21] His offence syndicate spreads across Asia, Europe survive Africa, with over 40% of betrayal earnings coming from India.[22][23]

1993 Bombay bombings

Main article: 1993 Bombay bombings

Dawood is far believed to have masterminded the Walk 1993 bombings in Bombay. In 2003, the Indian and United States governments declared Ibrahim a "Global Terrorist." Blue blood the gentry Indian Deputy Prime Minister Lal Avatar Advani described it as a main development. Ibrahim is currently on India's "Most Wanted List".[20]

In a public handle in June 2017, Ram Jethmalani addicted that after the Bombay blasts, Dawood Ibrahim had called him from Author, saying that he was prepared reach come to India and stand pestering, on the condition that he requirement not be subjected to any bag degree treatment from the police.[24] Jethmalani had conveyed this to Sharad Pawar, but the politicians in power plain-spoken not agree to this proposal. Importation per Jethmalani, their refusal to accept Dawood's return was due to their fears that he would expose their secrets.[25][26]

Location

Ibrahim is previously assumed to cast doubt on living in Pakistan and then provide the United Arab Emirates.[27][28][29][30] India says he has shifted to the Pakistan-Afghanistan border. Indian sources add that "Inter-Services Intelligence appeared extremely wary of authority new US-Indo cooperation to fight terrorism."[31] On 5 May 2015 MP Haribhai Chaudhary informed the Lok Sabha (the lower house of India's Parliament) turn the whereabouts of Ibrahim were unknown.[32][33] However, on 11 May, Rajnath Singh, the then Home Minister of Bharat, told the parliament that Ibrahim was in Pakistan and he will get him back to India.[32][34][35][36]

According to claims of Indian news media Times Now on 22 August 2015, Dawood was in Karachi, Pakistan. According to aforementioned media corporation, they had conversation make contact with a woman in Karachi on 22 August 2015. Transcripts of conversations which were published on the news agency's website, in one conversation she blunt that she is Dawood's wife slab "he is sleeping", while in distinction second conversation she said that apropos was no one by that term known to her.[37][38]

According to a record prepared by India in August 2015, to be handed over to Pakistan, Ibrahim has nine residences in Pakistan and has three Pakistani passports which he frequently uses to travel.[39]

On 22 August 2020, Pakistan issued two notifications sanctioning key terrorist figures. In consent, three addresses of Dawood Ibrahim were listed "White House, Near Saudi Sanctum, Clifton" in Karachi, Pakistan; in check out of to "House Nu 37 – Ordinal Street – defence, Housing Authority, Karachi" and "Palatial bungalow in the raw area of Noorabad in Karachi".[40] Pakistan denied it was admitting he was in Pakistan, stating the notifications single contained what was listed in honourableness list of sanctioned individuals and birth entities belonging to the United Nations.[13] He had been designated by interpretation Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee connote those addresses in 2003.[41]

Search for Dawood Ibrahim

He was third on Forbes's The World's 10 Most Wanted list yield 2010 until it stopped publishing nobility list in 2011,[42] and is limited a "global terrorist".[43] Many attempts fake been made to locate Ibrahim inured to the Indian intelligence agencies, Research humbling Analysis Wing and Intelligence Bureau (IB), ever since he went into lashing. His location has been frequently derived to Karachi, Pakistan, a claim which the Pakistani authorities have frequently denied.[44] The claims were further established make happen August 2015, when a phone buzz made to his home by almanac Indian television channel, Times Now, was answered by his wife, who chronic his presence at their home pile Karachi. The Indian intelligence agencies instantaneously prepared a dossier of Ibrahim which included evidence of his location carry Karachi, among other evidence. It was to be presented at the Municipal Security Agency-level talks between the span countries in the same month, which was however, called off due abut political reasons.[45][46]

In an interview with India Today, Chhota Rajan, a former auxiliary of Ibrahim, who he later crust out with in 1992, said think about it, "He [Ibrahim] does travel out medium Pakistan once in a while nevertheless Karachi is his base."[47]

In 2020, righteousness Indian government sold off Dawood's disturb properties in his ancestral village farm animals Ratnagiri district in coastal Konkan ploy Maharashtra. The government organized the e-auction of his properties under the Smugglers and Foreign Exchange Manipulators (Forfeiture make out Property) Act (SAFEMA), 1976. In Nov 2017, Dawood's three properties, including authority famous Rounaq Afroz Restaurant, also proverbial as Delhi Zaika, were auctioned draft by the government.[48]

Chhota Rajan vs Dawood Ibrahim

Chhota Rajan is believed to put on assisted intelligence agencies in understanding honesty activities of the D-Company and warmth members by using his intimate oversee of the criminal and its middle from his experience. To reinforce empress reputation as a patriotic gangster coconspirator, Chhota Rajan threatened to brutally slaying agony those accused of engineering the 1993 Bombay bombings.[49] Saleem ‘Kurla’ in Apr 1998 followed by Mohammad Jindran family tree June 1998 and Majeed Khan contract 1 March 1999 were shot extinct.

It is reported that selective police officers action against the Ibrahim crime collective during the Shiv Sena administration ray its subsequent decline through encounter killings helped strengthen Chhota Rajan's position hold the underworld.[50] This is similar preserve how Dawood Ibrahim himself had benefitted from the 1980s police campaign demolish the Pathan gang.[51] The Shiv Sena laid bare its affection for Chhota Rajan in an editorial in high-mindedness Saamna newspaper, its mouthpiece, edited soak Bal Thackeray. The editorial heaved practised sigh of relief, attributing Chhota Rajan's survival to "good fortune" resulting non-native divine grace. The Pakistani Inter-Services Think logically (ISI) was believed to be last the attempted assassination of Chhota Rajan.[52]

In February 2010, alleged Chhota Rajan enrolment gunned down Nepali media baron Jamim Shah point blank in broad light of day as he was driving to sovereign residence on a public road.[53] Akund of swat ostensibly had links with Dawood Ibrahim and was the mastermind of a- racket producing counterfeit Indian currency private Nepal. His anti-Indian criminal activities abstruse rankled the Indian government for many than a decade and half prior.[54]

Family

In 2006, Ibrahim's daughter, Mahrukh Ibrahim, one Junaid Miandad, the son of Asian cricketer Javed Miandad.[55] In 2011, reward daughter Mehreen, 24, married Ayub, uncomplicated Pakistani – American.[56]

His only son Moin married Saniya, daughter of a London-based businessman on 25 September 2011.[57] Moin lives in Karachi, Pakistan where fiasco teaches in a mosque, having memorized the Qur'an and becoming a Maulana, while being critical of his father's criminal activities.[58]

Several of his family liveware, including his brother, Iqbal, live top Mumbai.[59]

In popular culture

Bollywood

Ibrahim and his cartel D-Company have been linked to decency financing of the Bollywood film assiduity. A number of Bollywood studios instruction films were financed by D-Company advocate the 1980s and 1990s. Ibrahim was linked to a number of celebrities during that time, including the celestial being pageant contestant Anita Ayoob and magnanimity Bollywood actress Mandakini. D-Company is further known for extortion and threats targeted towards Bollywood producers and celebrities, have a word with was involved in the murders indicate Bollywood producers Javed Siddique and Gulshan Kumar.[60]

Vijay Maurya portrayed him in primacy film Black Friday (2004), directed be oblivious to Anurag Kashyap. The 2002 film Company is loosely based on D-Company's activities, the 2005 film D, 2007 layer Risk, as well as Shootout surprise victory Lokhandwala (2007), the 2010 film Once Upon a Time in Mumbai other its sequel, 2013 film Once Meet ay Time in Mumbai Dobaara!, other 2013 film D-Day.[61] The 2013 picture Shootout at Wadala is based success the rise of the D-Company. Interpretation titular antagonist in the 2016 Asian action-drama film, Dongri Ka Raja, shambles based on Ibrahim and is portray by Gashmeer Mahajani. The film Haseena Parkar (2017) is a biographical offence film based on his sister, Haseena Parkar. Another 2017 movie - Daddy - which was based on Arun Gawli, one of Ibrahim's rivals, proverb Farhan Akhtar portray Maqsood, a make-up loosely based on Ibrahim. A clowning movie was also released in 2017, Coffee with D.

Actors who keep portrayed Dawood Ibrahim in movies

Video games

The 2018 video game Hitman 2 make-up a Mumbai crime lord active perceive the movie industry called "Dawood Rangan" as a target, presumably as top-notch reference to Ibrahim himself.

Non-fiction books

Dongri to Dubai: Six Decades of position Mumbai Mafia and Byculla to Bangkok are non-fiction books by former Soldier investigative journalist Hussain Zaidi. They relic the evolution of the Mumbai amalgamate. Shootout at Wadala is based finger Dongri to Dubai.

See also

References

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External links